Japanese architecture has captivated the world for centuries, drawing people from across the globe to admire its beauty in person. The precision and artistry in their technique is unparalleled, making their designs truly unique.
For DIY enthusiasts, this presents an exciting challenge. When we see something remarkable, our instinct is often to try and recreate it. I understand that drive, which is why I have created this guide to simplify the process. From essential tools and recommended types of wood to beginner-friendly joint recommendations, this guide will help you get started with Japanese joinery.
Japanese joinery is an ancient art form designed to create structures capable of withstanding earthquakes. The joints are carefully crafted to bend and move slightly under stress, preventing them from snapping. Instead of fasteners or adhesives, they rely on friction and tension created by intricate cuts and precisely measured shapes that fit together seamlessly.
While Japanese joinery is a traditional art form that many dedicate their lives to mastering, it is still possible for beginners to try their hand at it. If you are interested in starting your own Japanese joinery journey, here is a list of tools you should consider purchasing—or may already have in your workshop:
Saws:
The ryoba, a Japanese double-sided saw, is an excellent first saw for beginners due to its versatility. If you are looking to expand your toolkit, the kataba is a great addition for more detailed and precise cuts.
Chisels:
The most common type of chisel used in Japanese woodworking is the oire nomi, which is used to make dovetail joints (a great joint for beginners); therefore, this chisel is recommended in small, large, and medium sizes for the first addition to a toolbox.
Planes:
As a beginner, the only plane you will need is a 60 mm (about 2.36 in) hira kanna (regular plane). Hira kanna is used to smooth down wood and add a finishing touch to your work.
Fun fact: Once you are skilled with the hira kanna, you can use it to make your own wood veneers!
Hammers:
The hammer you need to begin Japanese joinery is the gennou hammer, which is flat on one side and slightly rounded on the other. This hammer is used for striking chisels and planes.
Now that you have your toolbox, it is time to look at the best wood to use. For Japanese joinery, softwoods are recommended, although it is possible to use hardwood. If you are just beginning, it is recommended to get yellow cedar, as it is very accessible and versatile in its uses in Japanese joinery.
Best joints for beginners:
Mortise and tenon joint:
This joint is created by a hole in one piece of wood and a tab in another piece. They are then connected to create a secure joint.
Dovetail Joint:
This joint connects two pieces of wood using interlocking, flared connectors that provide strong mechanical resistance. Its design makes it particularly durable and reliable.
Half Lap Joint:
This joint is made by removing half the thickness of each piece of wood at the area where they will intersect. The two pieces are then joined together, forming a crisscross shape where they overlap.
Now that you have all the basics needed to get started it’s time to create your first project. Happy joining!
